Glioblastoma’nın tedavisinde mikrocerrahi yöntemlerin kullanılması
Using microsurgical methods in the treatment of glioblastoma
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Anahtar Kelimeler: glioblastoma, kemoterapi, mikrocerrahi tedavi, radyoterapiÖzet
Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahi alanında son yüz yıl içerisinde kaydedilen ilerlemelere rağmen Glioblastom tedavisi santral sinir sistemi tümörleri içerisinde halen çözümlenemeyen problemler içerisinde belki de en önde gelmektedir. Glioblastoma, santral sinir sistemi tümörlerinin içerisinde en kötüsüdür. Bu yazının amacı, glioblastom epidemiyolojisi, etiyolojisi, patogenezi, klinik bulguları ve tedavisi hakkındaki güncel bilgilerin derlenmesi yanında resmin tümüne bütünsel bir bakış sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmada glioblastom için PubMed ve Google Scholar'da glioblastoma, için anahtar kelimeler (patogenez, klinik bulgu belirti ve semptomlar, tedavi)kullanılarak tarama yapılmış 2021 yılına kadar yayınlanan İngilizce ve Türkçe makaleler gözden geçirilmiştir. Hastalardaki genetik yatkınlık ve iyonize radyasyona maruz kalma durumu hastalığın oluşumunda belli başlı risk faktörleri olarak saptanmıştır. Hastalığın tanısında nörolojik muayenenin yanında nöroradyolojik görüntüleme incelemelerinin oldukça değerli yeri bulunmaktadır. Hastalığın tedavisinde mikrocerrahi yöntemler kullanılarak uygulanan cerrahi tedavi altın standarttır. Buna ilave olarak kemoterapi ve radyoterapi birlikteliği en uzun sağ kalımı sağlamaktadır. Glioblastomun prognozu oldukça kötüdür ve hastalar ortalma olarak tanı konulmasını takiben ikinci yıl içerisinde hastalığa yenilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: glioblastoma, kemoterapi, mikrocerrahi tedavi, radyoterapi
Abstract
Despite the advances made in the field of Brain and Nerve Surgery in the last hundred years, Glioblastoma treatment is perhaps the leading problem among the central nervous system tumors that cannot be solved yet. Glioblastoma is the worst of all central nervous system tumors. The aim of this review article is to provide a holistic view of the whole picture, as well as to compile up-to-date information on glioblastoma epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment. In this study, the keywords for glioblastoma (pathogenesis, clinical signs, signs and symptoms, treatment) were searched for glioblastoma in PubMed and Google Scholar, and the articles published in English and Turkish until 2021 were reviewed. Genetic predisposition and exposure to ionizing radiation in patients have been identified as major risk factors in the occurrence of the disease. Besides neurological examination, neuroradiological imaging studies have a valuable place in the diagnosis of the disease. Surgical treatment using microsurgical methods is the gold standard in the treatment of the disease. In addition, chemotherapy and radiotherapy combination provides the longest survival. The prognosis of glioblastoma is very poor and patients are defeated within the second year of diagnosis.
Keywords: glioblastoma, chemotherapy, microsurgical therapy, radiotherapy
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