Comparison of Tribological Properties of Al-SiO2 and Al-ZrO2 Nanocomposites under Dry Friction

Abstract

In this study, tribological properties and microstructures of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) or zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂) nanoparticle reinforced aluminum matrix composites were investigated. The produced samples’ phase structures and microstructures were examined by the X-ray diffraction device and scanning electron microscope. Wear tests were carried out via a pin-on-disc wear test unit at a 200 rpm rotational speed under a 5 N load for 20 minutes. According to the test results, minimum wear rate (0.00359, 0.00361), minimum mass loss (12 mg, 13 mg), maximum experimental density (2.65 g/cm³, 2.84 g/cm³), and maximum Vickers hardness (50 HV, 69 HV) were obtained at Al-6%SiO₂ and Al-9%ZrO₂ composite, respectively. The lowest friction coefficient against 440C stainless steel disc was found at Al-9%SiO₂ (0.40) and Al-12%ZrO₂ (0.44) composite, respectively. It was determined that the wear rate and friction coefficient of SiO₂ reinforced aluminum matrix composites were lower than those of ZrO₂ reinforced aluminum matrix composites for the same reinforcement ratio.